Fat Substitute Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fat Substitute - Essay Example The U.S. Food and Drug Administration confirms the wellbeing of utilizing fat-substitutes, be that as it may, the admonition on fat-changed food by P and G expressing Olestra may cause stomach squeezing and free stools† raises wellbeing worries over the utilization of such nourishments (Glausiusz, 2001). Keeping the heftiness measurements in see, fat adjusted nourishments are less inclined to affect human’s wellbeing than does the swelling food itself. Heftiness is being recognized as a reason for many passings around the world. Fat-changed food, then again, isn't considered to have any realized reactions causing significant medical problems. The stomach issues and disturbs are seen as misinterpreted and wrongly guessed when investigation of University of North Carolina was directed over a range of 3200 examples. Akoh, then again, delivered low-fat eating regimens that break down the unsaturated fat affixes and are said to diminish cholesterol levels fundamentally. Consequently, the diverse fat substitutes are working in different various manners that are not hurting wellbeing of people but instead giving approaches to improve their prosperity and dietary irregularities. The case on the reasonability and negative results of fat-altered nourishments appear to be obscure. None of the investigations give a huge and noticeable weakening of wellbeing. In any case, in the short run, a significant part of the exploration led shows constructive effect on human wellbeing, diminished cholesterol levels and support of people’s food longings with the preferences that they at any point respected. Henceforth, fat-changed food gives a substitute to the unfortunate and high-fat weight control plans causing physical, mental, clinical, enthusiastic and social interruptions in the more extensive

Ride Sharing Company Uber

Question: Portray about the ride sharing organization Uber. Answer: Appraisal of Corporate Social Responsibility of Uber Taxi Services in the zone of environmental maintainability The ride sharing organization Uber is commented as polarizing in the course of the most recent year. The majority of the funding firms acknowledge Uber prospects just as reflects $40 billion valuation all in all. Uber Taxi administrations decides in estranging everybody simultaneously (Winer Dhar, 2011). Cab drivers consider Uber as hazardous just as ravenous contenders. It is the main administrators in and around different markets. It claims for normal New York City drivers for gaining more than $ 90000 every year. As indicated by Senior Executive, it is expressed that Uber requires exploring individual just as family lives (Sheehan, 2011). Monetary, Ethical and Discretionary Corporate Social Responsibility considers as a job that Uber plays in meeting the plan of practical turn of events. It primarily involves adjusted methodology on issues identifying with financial advancement, social advancement just as ecological stewardship (Shaw, 2011). It is introduced in straightforward just as responsible and moral ways for future examination reason. Uber is liable for a few effects of exercises just as choices sooner rather than later. It requires in considering the desires for partners just as in consistence with law. It shows courses in review at the universal standards of conduct. It incorporates exercises all through the association just as practices in relationship and oversaw in cautious way (Peter Donnelly, 2011). The principle cultural objective is to reach towards fulfillment of practical society just as enterprises. It gives basic commitments in reasonable, average just as genuine business conduct in the most proper manner. Corporate Social Responsibi lity goes about as magnanimity just as corporate giving qualities in a viable manner. The system fixes business procedure of Uber. Each business focuses on benefit boost for achievement of future accomplishment in wanted structure. On basic investigation, it is uncovered that benefits and valuation serves significance in making at cost for partners just as national premiums (Lister, 2011). Corporate Social Responsibility saw as charitable movement just as money in making procedures for future. It targets making reasonable just as effective in long haul arranging and hazard relief methodology for the equivalent. With the assistance of CSR activities, the executives requires support in building notoriety just as competiveness (Lindgreen, 2011). Uber the executives should drive inventive exercises just as driving maintainable benefits. It fabricates successful courses in worker just as client dependability and draws in speculators for putting resources into organizations. It guarantees great perceivability if there should be an occurrence of supportability just as demonstrating straightforwardness in choices and cultivating maintainable advancement to society overall. Uber had come out with model (troublesome) in strategic policies. Figure: Process of Uber taxi Services (Source: Lancaster Massingham, 2011) It is suggested in leading reasonable and better than average exercises in perceiving job of Uber taxi benefits in the public arena. Expansion to that, it requires tending to partner worries in method of Corporate Responsibility towards Society sooner rather than later. CSR exercises uncover routes in making benefits just as turning out to be acceptable corporate resident. It deals with every single related issue in key structure (Kotler Keller, 2011). Uber concentrated for the most part on benefits just as investors simultaneously. It anticipated ways for doing great for shoppers just as cost of different partners in the public eye all in all. It bypassed law in actualizing models just as making up for lost time dropping worked licenses in each structure. It is considered as business hazard. Business requires enough coherence in their activities just as consistency. Most definitely, CSR comes up as Risk Mitigation Tool. VUCA implies unpredictability, vulnerability just as intricacy and equivocalness. It is prudent to Uber for utilizing worldwide rules like ISO 26000 as it renders all encompassing methodology in Corporate Social Responsibility (Kotchen Moon, 2011). It depends on three columns in particular social just as financial and ecological. It has seven center subjects like corporate administration, work rehearses, reasonable working practices, customer issues just as network advancement and contribution. Reference List Benn, S. Bolton, D. (2011).Key ideas in corporate social duty. Los Angeles: SAGE. Blythe, J. (2012).Marketing. London: SAGE Publications. Chakrabarty, B. (2011).Corporate social obligation in India. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Coombs, W. Holladay, S. (2011).Managing corporate social obligation. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. Dahlstrom, R. (2011).Green showcasing the board. Artisan, Ohio: South-Western/Cengage Learning.

Data-driven versus Data-informed Whats Best for You

Data-driven versus Data-informed â€" Whats Best for You Data is a powerful tool for companies, as it provides information for businesses to work with. However, many companies do not make the best out of the available data, because they dont use it the right way.Data collection and analysis have changed rapidly over the past decades. Technology is advancing quickly and supercomputers can now take in huge amounts of data and draw conclusions within seconds. Yet, experts argue that truly efficient use of data still requires humans to think instead of simply relying on machines. © Shutterstock | everything possibleThis guide will look at the difference between being data-driven and being data-informed. Should you fully rely on data or better use it as one factor that guides your decisions? We’ll explore the advantages and the limitations of these two approaches and discuss which one is better to support your organization’s decision-making process.WHY DATA MATTERS?Before we take a more detailed look at data and the best practices for using it, we should first understand why we are using data at all. Does collecting huge amounts of data matter and in which way does it matter?Raw data provides businesses with information, which can be processed in different manners. The main goal is to use these information to make decisions. Therefore, data collection is part of your daily business â€" every company gathers and uses some sort of data.Analysis of raw data can provide many insights into your business. While a single piece of information in isolation might n ot contain much information, entire sets of data can provide ground for decision-making. If your business operates in the retail sector, for example, daily sales data can provide trends and pattern. You can find out which are the busiest sales days or which items sell the most.This information can be used to improve your business operations. You are able to hire more staff for the busier days and therefore boost sales further. You can optimize your sales pipeline by finding out which products sell the best. Hence, data can make your business run smoother and more efficiently, and save costs.In 2010, researchers at the University of Texas found that businesses, which improved their data quality and usability generated larger financial returns. According to the study, enhancing data usability by only 10% can increase annual sales per employee by more than 14%.The rise of big data â€" why is it important?Big data’ has been one of the buzzwords over the last years. The term refers to data sets, which are extremely large and complex. Due to their size and complexity, these data sets can only be analyzed with computerized systems.Big data has revolutionized the importance of data, as businesses can now use more data and draw more conclusions. Big data is especially useful in analyzing human behavior and interactions.To understand more about the importance of big data, watch the following TedTalk video with Kenneth Cukier: DIFFERENT WAYS TO USE DATA â€" DATA-DRIVEN VS. DATA-INFORMEDCompanies use data in different ways. While some corporations are data-driven, others are data-informed. Read on, and understand the difference.Data-driven â€" data leads the decision-making processIn its essence, data-driven means that data leads the decision-making process. The data thus plays an crucial role in the company, as decision-makers rely mostly on the data.Organizations, which are data-driven implement the use of data throughout the entire organization. Data analysis and use is not only the job of IT or data specialists, but all departments of the organization use and analyze data.Jim Giles, the author of the Economist Intelligent Unit Report called ‘Fostering a Data-Driven Culture’, said in an interview that data-driven businesses are “placing data at the heart of almost all important decisions”. “They [the companies] are tolerant of questioning â€" even dissent â€" about business decisions being made, as long as the questioning is based on data and their analysis,” Giles continued.The importance of data becomes increasingly evident when companies grow in size. Data-driven companies, such as the British supermarket chain Tesco or its American counterpart Walmart, achieved business successes with this method.Data-informed â€" putting the data in contextOn the contrary, data-informed organizations don’t rely on data in all of their decision-making. The companies use a more agile and responsive way of treating data. Therefore, data sets are seen in their specific context. Data is used to create a hypothesis, which remains to be proven.Today’s start-ups and organizations often view themselves as being data-informed instead of data-driven. However, the definitions are not set in stone and sometimes its not that clear to tell if an organization as a whole is data-driven or data-informed.THE BENEFITS AND RISKS OF BEING DATA-DRIVENThe benefits â€" less human bias, less time-consumingStudies have highlighted that a data-driven culture can improve the financial performance of an organization. The Economist Intelligence Unit’s survey in 2012 showed that top performing companies often use a data-driven approach.Furthermore, since data-driven cultures allow data to lead the way, the decision-making is less influenced by the human element. The data is used as it is, without much further analysis. Data are considered as concrete facts. That removes the human bias that may come with data analysis.MIT Center for Digital Busines s studied data-driven decision management and found organizations using this approach had 4% higher productivity rates, together with 6% higher profits.Moreover, as companies spend less time analyzing their data, there is more time to deal with other operational aspects of running a business. Since gathering data and allowing it to come to its own conclusions won’t require much effort on your part, the focus can be directed to the day-to-day operations.The risks â€" huge amounts of data needed, gathered data can be wrong or biasedA data-driven approach requires the organization to collect vast amounts of data to ensure decisions are as effective and accurate as possible. Otherwise, outliers will bias the decision-making process. This can be an obstacle for many companies, especially for younger organizations, that might not have the capabilities or the resources to collect huge amounts of data.On the other hand, the more data you collect the harder it is to process it. The organiz ation might end up in a situation where it has a wealth of data, but is unable to use it to generate answers.Finally, relying on data can increase the chances of making the wrong decisions. Data itself can contain a bias. For example, the way how data is gathered can lead to a bias, which could distort the ultimate decision.THE BENEFITS AND RISKS OF BEING DATA-INFORMEDThe data-informed approach to data has increased in significance in the past few years, with many experts claiming it to be the best way to handle large data sets.The benefits â€" company puts data in its context to consider the whole pictureData-informed organizations understand the limitations of data. Since the collected data is only a snapshot of the reality, decision-making shouldn’t rely solely on this data. Therefore, instead of simple focusing on the data, you have to test and question it in order to draw conclusions.You could compare the approach to other automated structures. For example, flying an airplane in today’s world is highly automated. But the importance of the pilot is still evident in many situations. The pilot can override the decisions and take control of the process.Hence, a data-informed approach adds more assessment and revision to the use of data. This opens up more ways to use it. Since you are constantly measuring and analyzing different data sets, you are enhancing the collection and the use of data continuously.Finally, data-informed decision-making understands that data is not always the   perfect information package it seems to be. As explained above, data can contain a huge bias, depending on how it was gathered. For example, the way how an interviewer asks questions in a questionnaire can have a direct impact on the results. Therefore, the data-informed approach doesnt treat data as the ultimate truth.The risk â€" outcome of data analysis depends on the analystWhilst there are many benefits to the data-informed approach, it isn’t a risk-free way to make de cisions. Perhaps the main reason some experts argue against a data-informed approach is the added human element. A data-informed approach essentially argues against fully trusting the data. However, adding human interpretation can also add a bias, moving away from the actual evidence.For example, if an analyst has a certain outcome he hopes to prove with his data analysis, he might twist and turn the data until it shows what he wants to see.THE BOTTOM LINE â€" CONCLUSIONWith the above in mind, should organizations look into adopting a data-driven or data-informed approach? Much of it depends on what type of data is available and the goals you are trying to achieve with the use of data.Dave Martin distinguishes between the two approaches by saying data-driven is the lazy approach and data-informed is a more testable approach. In essence, being data-informed allows you to interpret the data and to understand the limitations of data, while data-driven organizations just use the data as it is. In the end, whether or not you operate data-driven or data-informed depends on your resources, your goals, and the data you actually have.

The Strengths And Weaknesses Of Mainstream Supply Chain...

‘With the help of critical analytical frameworks to GSCs analyse the strengths and weaknesses of mainstream supply chain management’ BUS 326 – Coursework Introduction During the past decades many academics strived to conceptualise a framework that explain what a global supply chain is and how it is managed. GSC is an old phenomenon as it derives from colonialism, where European countries threatened weaker populations in Asia and Africa taking advantage of their resources, but it strongly developed in contemporary times thanks to the globalisation and the enhancement of IT, resulting in the habit of firms to outsource production when they see a benefit. Supply chain is defined by Jacobi (2009) as ‘the set of activities involved in moving a product and its ancillary services from the ultimate supplier to the ultimate costumer’. SCM is therefore the discipline that aims to understand the firms’ practices and strategies in managing the supply chain. As I said before, many academics tried to build a framework for the understanding of it, but being SCM a relatively new subject all of them present strengths and weaknesses and it is extremely difficult to say which of the framework is more reliable. In this short paper, my main focus will be the analysis and critique of the strong and weak points of Christopher, which built the mainstream SCM framework. Besides the mainstream framework, I will use several other works as the Cox’s critical, the GVC and the GPN, initially toShow MoreRelatedThe Mainstream Supply Chain Management1649 Words   |  7 Pagesus to critically analyze the strengths and weaknesses of mainstream supply chain management with the help of other critical frameworks of GSCs. This essay question will be answered by overall analyzing the Mainstream Supply Chain (MSC) as introduced and researched by one of the most notable authors on the topic and these strengths and weaknesses shall be further assessed with other frameworks of GSCs known as the critical supply chain management, Global Commodity Chain (GCC) and Global ProductionRead MoreStrengths And Weaknesses Of Supply Chain Management1692 Words   |  7 Pagesthere is a growing need to understand how su pply chains are organised and why. In this essay we aim to examine strengths and weaknesses of three frameworks, supply chain management (SCM), global commodity chains (GCC) and global production networks (GPN). As can be understood by their names the two latter frameworks examines how global supply chains are built meanwhile SCM focuses on how companies can achieve competitive advantage with help of their supply chains. Since the focus of the frameworks isRead MoreMain Characteristics Of The Three Analytical Frameworks Supply Chain Management1537 Words   |  7 PagesIn this essay, I will outline the main characteristics of the three analytical frameworks supply chain management (SCM), global commodity chains (GCCs) and global production networks (GPNs) and assess their strengths and weaknesses. The approaches differ and share similarities in their objectives, ideas, actors, perspectives, focus and conceptual tools. Firstly, Supply Chain Management approach is characterised in its focus on comparative advantage through cost and value advantage. It can be perceivedRead MoreTUI travels1489 Words   |  6 Pages250 of the best loved and market leading travel brands in 180 countries and more than 30 million customers. Question 1 - Value Chain Value chain analysis is the process in which a firm identifies its primary as well as secondary activities that add value to the final products or service. Primary activities. Inbound logistics – TUI Travels Plc has a global supply chain which helps it by providing packaged or all inclusive and preplanned holidays for the customers. Usually these suppliers are theRead MoreBusiness in China1188 Words   |  5 Pageswhen they seek to transfer their home management style to China? 2. Discuss the reform of Chinese state-owned enterprises and related government policy changes. Evaluate the impact within the state-owned businesses and the chinese society. Chinese management Doing business in China requires a throughout understanding of their management philosophy and practices. Their management style is different in many respects from mainstream Western Management and is characterized by a combinationRead MoreKrispy Kreme External Anaylsis1230 Words   |  5 Pagesvery effectively across the United States with two exceptions. First is the growing number of obese Americans. With growing media attention turned towards sliming up American quick service restaurants, Krispy Kreme has come into the crosshairs of mainstream media. The other hindrance on Krispy Kreme s complete success is the all in one convenience attitude. Demonstrated by Wal-Marts success, giving clients as much as possible with one stop is a sure draw for modern American consumers. Aside fromRead MoreKrispy Kreme External Anaylsis Essay1204 Words   |  5 Pagesvery effectively across the United States with two exceptions. First is the growing number of obese Americans. With growing media attention turned towards sliming up American quick service restaurants, Krispy Kreme has come into the crosshairs of mainstream media. The other hindrance on Krispy Kremes complete success is the all in one convenience attitude. Demonstrated by Wal-Marts success, giving clients as much as possible with one stop is a sure draw for modern American consumers. Aside from breakfastRead MoreMt460 Management Policy and Strategy1468 Words   |  6 PagesUnit 5: 28 Case Study Analyses Kaplan University School of Business and Management MT460 Management Policy and Strategy Author: Linda Alvarez Professor: Dr. Marian Leerburger Date: April, 2, 2012 Introduction Whole Foods was established in 1980 with one store in Austin, Texas. Today, Whole Foods is the world’s largest leader in natural and organic foods. There are over 310 stores in North America and the United Kingdom. Whole Foods is committed to the finest natural and organicRead MoreWhole Foods Pestle1012 Words   |  5 Pagessupermarkets now selling more Organics than the 14,500 independent natural food stores. Since 2002 mainstream supermarkets have expanded their selections Since 2005 organic products sold in 75% of the conventional stores Fresh Fare targeting customers who shop at both conventional supermarkets and Whole Foods Conventional stores much greater in number and sales revenue. New supermarket chains have stores averaging 55,000 square feet Major food processors e.g. Kraft are purchasing and utilizingRead MoreSWOT Analysis of Shell in Nigeria1364 Words   |  5 Pageschanges that resulted from the merger of Royal Dutch Petroleum and the Shell Transport and Trading Group was the shift in managerial structure. RDP moved to a more hierarchical, traditional style of management. This had both advantages and disadvantages: corporate culture changed drastically, but change management and processes seemed to become more efficient. However, at the same time there were managerial changes, there were also a number of political changes in many of the global areas under consideration

Ploce Definitions and Examples

Psychology Vocabulary Free Essays

Psychology (Myers, 8E) Chapter 10 Study online at quizlet. com/_h108 1. cognition the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people a mental image or best example of a category a methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychology Vocabulary or any similar topic only for you Order Now Contrasts with the usually speedier — but also more error-prone -use of heuristics a simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently; usually speedier but also more error-prone than algorithms a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem; it contrasts with strategy-based solutions a tendency to search for information that confirms one’s preconceptions the inability to see a problem from a new perspective; an impediment to problem solving a tendency to approach a problem in a particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past the tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an impediment to problem solving judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes; may lead one to ignore other relevent information estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to m ind (perhaps because of their vividness), we presume such events are common the tendency to be more confident than correct — to overestimate the accuracy of one’s beliefs and judgments the way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments 15. belief bias 2. concept prototype algorithm he tendency for one’s preexisting beliefs to distort logical reasoning, sometimes by making invalid conclusions seem valid, or valid conclusions seem invalid clinging to one’s initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited our spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning in a language, the smallest distinctive sound unit in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or a part of a word (such as a prefix) in a language, a system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others the set of rules by which we derive mean ing from morphemes, words, and sentences in a given language; also, the study of meaning the rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language beginning at about 4 months, the stage of speech developing in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds at first unrelated to the household language the stage in speech development, from about age 1 to 2, during which a child speaks mostly in single words beginning about age 2, the stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly two-word statements early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram — â€Å"go car† — using mostly nouns and verbs and omitting auxiliary words Whorf’s hypothesis that language determines the way we think 16. 3. belief perseverance language 4. 17. 18. phoneme morpheme 5. heuristic 19. 20. grammar 6. insight 21. semantics 7. confirmation bias fixation 22. syntax 8. 23. 9. mental set babbling stage 10. functional fixednes s representativeness heuristic 24. one-word stage two-word stage telegraphic speech linguistic determinism 11. 25. 26. 12. availability heuristic 27. 13. overconfidence 14. framing How to cite Psychology Vocabulary, Papers

Psychology Vocabulary Free Essays

Psychology (Myers, 8E) Chapter 10 Study online at quizlet. com/_h108 1. cognition the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people a mental image or best example of a category a methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychology Vocabulary or any similar topic only for you Order Now Contrasts with the usually speedier — but also more error-prone -use of heuristics a simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently; usually speedier but also more error-prone than algorithms a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem; it contrasts with strategy-based solutions a tendency to search for information that confirms one’s preconceptions the inability to see a problem from a new perspective; an impediment to problem solving a tendency to approach a problem in a particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past the tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an impediment to problem solving judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes; may lead one to ignore other relevent information estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to m ind (perhaps because of their vividness), we presume such events are common the tendency to be more confident than correct — to overestimate the accuracy of one’s beliefs and judgments the way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments 15. belief bias 2. concept prototype algorithm he tendency for one’s preexisting beliefs to distort logical reasoning, sometimes by making invalid conclusions seem valid, or valid conclusions seem invalid clinging to one’s initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited our spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning in a language, the smallest distinctive sound unit in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or a part of a word (such as a prefix) in a language, a system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others the set of rules by which we derive mean ing from morphemes, words, and sentences in a given language; also, the study of meaning the rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language beginning at about 4 months, the stage of speech developing in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds at first unrelated to the household language the stage in speech development, from about age 1 to 2, during which a child speaks mostly in single words beginning about age 2, the stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly two-word statements early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram — â€Å"go car† — using mostly nouns and verbs and omitting auxiliary words Whorf’s hypothesis that language determines the way we think 16. 3. belief perseverance language 4. 17. 18. phoneme morpheme 5. heuristic 19. 20. grammar 6. insight 21. semantics 7. confirmation bias fixation 22. syntax 8. 23. 9. mental set babbling stage 10. functional fixednes s representativeness heuristic 24. one-word stage two-word stage telegraphic speech linguistic determinism 11. 25. 26. 12. availability heuristic 27. 13. overconfidence 14. framing How to cite Psychology Vocabulary, Papers

Opera Love Through The Ages With Maria Fortuna And Nancy Townsend Ess

Opera: Love Through The Ages With Maria Fortuna And Nancy Townsend On Friday November 3rd I had the pleasure of attending an evening of Opera titled Love Through the Ages with Maria Fortuna and Nancy Townsend at the Sean O'Sullivan Theatre. Having never been to an Opera performance I had no idea of what to expect and was looking forward to this new experience. Fortuna was accompanied by multi-faceted pianist Nancy Townsend. These two musicians showed tremendous expertise and were able to keep my attention through the extent of the program. Maria Fortuna is a soprano and she has enjoyed international success with her stunning vocal talent. Fortuna's repertoire ranges from the lyric soprano to the dramatic coloratura roles, being performed in front of many large audiences and critics. Fortuna was born in Niagara Falls N.Y and more recently received her Masters of Music which led her to her teaching position at SUNY Fredonia. Nancy Townsend is a pianist, vocal coach, conductor and stage director. She has recently performed in recitals throughout the United States, primarily in the west. As I had no idea of what to expect when entering this concert I went in with an extremely open mind. Even leading up to the intermission I wasn't convinced that I was understanding the structure of opera. However, even with my very limited knowledge of opera I could come to a few conclusions. Fortuna and Townsend evidently worked well together, they were always in sync and fed off of each others talent. As well it seemed as if Fortuna was using an aspect of call and response to enhance her production. Her call would be in the form of a story and she would then answer her call with her singing. The show was slightly disrupted in the first half with a large group of people that had been late for the performance, I couldn't visually see any signs of fault on Fortuna's behalf when this occurred. An interesting aspect of Fortuna's style was unlike anything I had ever seen before. Fortuna would make stable eye contact with specific sections in the audience, this portrayed the feeling that she was singing for the crowd and not herself. The piece within Fortuna's selection in which I enjoyed the most was a classical Spanish song titled La mi sola, Laureola. Within all of the classical Spanish songs love was the overwhelming theme. Within this selection Fortuna used a softer pitch and proceeded all of the way through the scale. Fortuna was able to adapt her voice to fit the style of each song, her narration within the songs taken from Shakespeare sounded as if it were Shakespeare reading to himself. Based on this being my first opera experience I was pleasantly surprised. Fortuna and Townsend entertained us for the extent of the program and proved to this small St. Catherines audience that they were accomplished musicians. Music Essays

RICCI Surname Meaning and Family History

RICCI Surname Meaning and Family History Derived from the Italian adjective ricco, meaning curly, the Ricci surname  and its variations are a nickname for someone with curly hair. A patronymic or plural form of Riccio. Surname Origin:  Italian Alternate Surname Spellings:  RICCIO, RIZZI, RIZZO, RIZZA, RISSO, RICCELLI, RICCIARELLI, RICCETTI, RICCINI, RICCIOLI, RICCIOLINO, RICCIULLI, RICCIOTTI, RICCIONI, RICCIUTO, RICCERI, RICCITIELLO, RIZZELLO, RIZZIELLO RIZZETTI, RIZZETTO, RIZZINI, RIZZOLI, RIZZOLA, RIZZOTTI, RIZZONI, RIZZONE, RIZZARI, RIZZATO, RIZZIERI, RIZZUTI, RISSOLO   Famous People with the Surname RICCI Christina Ricci - American actressRuggiero Ricci - American violinist Genealogy Resources for the Surname RICCI Meanings of Common Italian SurnamesUncover the meaning of your Italian last name with this free guide to Italian surname meanings and origins for the most common Italian surnames. Ricci  Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Ricci  family crest or coat of arms for the Ricci surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. RICCI  Family Genealogy ForumThis free message board is focused on descendants of Ricci  ancestors around the world. Search the archives for messages related to your Ricci ancestors, or join the group and post your own query. FamilySearch - RICCI  GenealogyExplore over 680,000  results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Ricci  surname and variations on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. RICCI  Surname Mailing ListThis free mailing list for researchers of the Ricci  surname and its variations offers subscription details and a searchable archives of past messages. DistantCousin.com - RICCI  Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Ricci. GeneaNet - Ricci RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Ricci  surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. The Ricci  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Ricci  surname from the website of Genealogy Today.- References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back to  Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Using the Spanish Preposition Sobre

Using the Spanish Preposition Sobre Like many Spanish prepositions, sobre can be used in a variety of ways that dont seem to have any logical connection. One of the more common Spanish prepositions, sobre can be the equivalent of the English prepositions on, about, or over, among others. In some cases, it can help to know that sobre comes from the Latin super-, which, among other things, functioned as a preposition meaning above or beyond. But while a few of the uses of sobre have clearly related meanings, not all do. Be aware that sobre also can function as a masculine noun meaning envelope, packet, or, in informal usage, bed.) Most Common Ways in Which Sobre Is Used Nearly all the time, sobre is used in one of the following ways: Sobre as a Preposition of Location Sobre is often used to indicate that something is on top or or above something. In some such situations, sobre can be used more or less interchangeably with the preposition en. There usually isnt much significant difference, for example, between sobre la mesa and en la mesa, which both can be translated as on the table. Other times, over is a more suitable translation, such as when sobre means above. Coloca una pierna ​sobre el piso. (Place your knee on the floor.)La distribucià ³n correcta de la presià ³n del cuerpo sobre la silla es esencial para el confort. (The correct distribution of the bodys weight over the chair is essential for comfort.)Una lluvia de astillas volà ³ sobre el coche. (A shower of splinters flew onto the car.)Si pudieras volar sobre el ojo del huracn, al mirar hacia abajo verà ­as claramente la superficie del mar o la tierra. (If you could fly over the eye of the hurricane, upon looking down you would clearly see the surface of the sea or Earth.) Sobre Meaning ‘About,’ ‘Concerning,’ or ‘On the Subject Of’ When sobre is used to describe that something concerns or is about a subject, it functions in the same way that de can. In these situations, sobre is usually more formal than de. About is nearly always a good translation, although others such as of are possible. Ésta es la primera edicià ³n sobre un libro sobre nuestra mà ºsica popular. (This is the first edition of a book about our popular music.)Pelà © presenta documental sobre su vida en Nueva York. (Pelà © is presenting a documentary about his life in New York.) ¿Quà © piensas sobre el uso de los antibià ³ticos? (What do you think about using the antibiotics?) Using Sobre To Indicate Superiority or Influence Sobre often can translate over when it is used to indicate superiority in matters of influence or control. El uso del bus triunfa sobre el coche entre los universitarios. (Among university students, the use of buses triumphs over the use of cars.)La industria de salud posee una enorme influencia sobre las polà ­ticas de salud. (The health industry has a great influence over the politics of health.)Me es repugnante la dominacià ³n de un sexo sobre el otro. (The domination of one sex over the other is repugnant to me.) Sobre in Time Approximations Sobre is frequently used in time expressions to indicate that the time given is approximate. The English translations about or around are often used. Sobre is less commonly used in other types of approximations, such as for physical measurements. Sobre las seis de la tarde volvimos al hotel. (We are arriving at the hotel at about 6 in the evening.)Sobre 1940 el mercado de la ciencia ficcià ³n comenzà ³ a subir de nuevo. (Around 1940 the market for science fiction began to grow again.)La tormenta pasar sobre el mediodà ­a de este sbado. (The storm will pass through around noon on this Saturday.)Esperamos olas de sobre cuatro metros de altura. (We are hoping for waves about four meters high.) Sobre for Motion Around Sobre can be used to indicate rotation around an axis. About and around are the most common translations. El planeta gira sobre su eje una vez cada 58,7 dà ­as. (The planet rotates around its axis once each 58.7 days.)La Tierra rota sobre un eje imaginario que pasa a travà ©s de sus polos. (The Earth rotates about an imaginary axis which passes between its two poles.) Key Takeaways The Spanish preposition sobre is common, but it cant be translated by any single English preposition.One common meaning of sobre is to indicate that something is on top or above something else.Another common use of sobre is to indicate the subject that something else, such as a book, is about.

Cultural values and other factors within America Essay

Cultural values and other factors within America - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that America is the country of choice as far as relocation is concerned here. This is because America is a free society in entirety and people can enjoy whatever they feel like doing. America is a haven as far as work domains are concerned because it gives an individual so much in terms of learning and acquiring of skills that other people from the rest of the world can only think of. America is a free world. This has been proven with time and research. Its culture is such that people are allowed the space to interact with one another, enjoy the respective spaces, mingle with the different practices and realms, and basically enjoy life’s varied offerings. The cultural; values that are most widespread within America comprise of the respect that the people show to one another. They do not like to interfere in another man’s job. Hence the reason that there is a lot of empathy for one another, and people like to cherish each other ’s company. What is best about America is how these people are able to turn a new leaf with each passing day, and thus remain committed to the cause of growth and development, both within the professional entities as well as their personal selves. The social practices that are present in America are such that people enjoy them immensely. They like to go to parties, on beaches, enjoy different games and sports, varied activities, and so on.

Literature critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Literature critique - Essay Example authors get across that the failure to communicate has been shown to be at the root of 60% of events reported to the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organization. Reports from coroners also suggest that error in communication tends to lead to the death of a patient. The title gets straight to the point, informing the audience of the importance of the study. There are ten authors, three as observers, three as analysts, and the other four had roles that were not obvious. The abstract provides the reader with the background, methods, and results of the study. They state a clear objective, nevertheless a rationale is not given at this stage. Also supplied is an overview and summary of the results. The authors have provided a short informative and understandable background of the topic supported by evidences and statistics, including literature and ethnographic findings suggest that the current weaknesses in communication in the operating room may derive form a lack of standardization and team integration. The writers anticipate that a carefully adapted checklist system could promote safer, more effective communication in the operation room team. The literature review was merely a summary, not a review. The aim of the study was to define common communication failures. Some details of participating in the study were included along with an explanation of the data collected, the methods used to record data as well as the procedures for data analysis. According to Taylor and Bodgan (1998) the research design in this study was clearly appropriate to address the research aims. The researchers provide enough details regarding ethical issues. They made it clear that they had taken the necessary approval from the ethical board of the hospital. According to Silverman (2001), ethical issues come first before many other factors in studying subjects on humans. The researchers have explained that 94 team members participated from anesthesia, surgery, and nursing

Thomas Hardy and Charles Dickens Comparison

Thomas Hardy and Charles Dickens Comparison There is a typical subject of destiny in compositions of Thomas Hardy and Charles Dickens. The two creators are practically identical in the way that their characters they would state notions of depression. Dickens and Hardy are different in the way that Dickens chooses the characters predetermination by the way the overall population runs, while Solid chooses the fate of his character by the indigenous natural surroundings. In the first place, Thomas Hardy and Charles Dickens have their characters encounter feelings like forlornness and this is a solid similitude between the two. This dejection is utilized to depict their destiny. A case of this is in Hardys poem when he says, I Look into My Glass Hardy communicates the characters destiny of dejection from the way he investigates the glass. The opening stanza of the literature says, I look into my glass, and view my wasting skin, and say, would God it came to pass my heart had shrunk as thin (1-4). The use of the water as a mirror for the character addresses the character being sad in light of the way that commonly when some individual explores a mirror they are staying without any other individual and in this way are destroy. We additionally observe this calculate of solitary Dickens compositions. It is particularly found in Oliver Twist when the storyteller states, Oliver cried lustily. If he could have known that he was an orphan, left to the tender mercies of churchwardens and oversees, perhaps he would have cried louder (5). Here it is outrightly seen on the grounds that he is depicting the sentiment being left as a vagrant. That can be relatable to numerous in light of the fact that many vagrants that unfortunately dont have guardians feel along these lines and he utilizes this to expression his feeling of destiny in Oliver Twist. In actuality the author states that, tender mercies of churchwardens and overseas (5). A distinction that can be spotted amongst Hardy and Dickens is their perspectives on destiny. Solid trusts that destiny his vigorously influenced by the earth one is encompassed by while Dickens thinks destiny is controlled by society and how it is framed and ran. We see particularly Hardy clarifying this when in his poem, In Tenebris, he exclaims, Wintertime nights; but my bereavement-pain it cannot bring again: Twice no one dies. (1-4). The character in this lyric is stuck when discussing his destiny because of his destiny, which as Hardy accepts, is controlled by nature. It really bodes well since they influences the earth has can change the way the character demonstrations. Then again, in Oliver Twist, Olivers destiny is pre-decided in light of where he was conceived and what he was naturally introduced to. In Oliver Twist, Dickens says, Oliver Twists eighth birth-day found him a pale, then child, somewhat diminutive in stature, and decidedly small in circumference. But nature or inheritance had implanted a good sturdy spirit in Olivers breast: it had had plenty of room to expand, thanks to the spare diet of the establishment; and perhaps to this circumstance may be attributed his having any eighth birth-day at all (7-8). Here Dickens is discussing the circumstance Oliver was placed in. Oliver was naturally introduced to a poor circumstance where he was dealt with inadequately. He was not very much encouraged, he was not given great garments, and he was not honored with riches. There is very little he can do in light of the fact that he is only a youngster. It is pitiful to perceive how Dickens thinks this is the manner by which Olivers destiny is depic ted in light of the fact that it is tragically valid. Taking everything into account, Charles Dickens and Thomas Hardys use of fate in their creations are both practically identical and unmistakable. They are practically identical in the way that they both use sadness in their works. They are particular however in light of the way that Hardy says that a characters predetermination is controlled by nature, while Dickens says that it is managed by the social society that the individual was actually acquainted with. Both can be viewed as genuine and they appear to be even more genuine through the energy of these writers works.

Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria Essay

This development was heralded as an avenue to usher in democratic stability and good governance. However, contrary to widespread expectations, the post-military regime became an avenue for the explosion of violent ethno-religious conflicts in Nigeria. As a matter of fact, since the emergence of democracy in May 1999, not less than one hundred ethnically and religiously instigated conflicts have occurred in Nigeria which resulted in loss of lives and unquantifiable material and psychological damage. Drawing from documentary research and findings, this paper probes the persistent spate of ethno-religious crises in Nigeria and its harmful implications on democratic consolidation in Nigeria. It investigates the history, causes and manifestations of ethno-religious conflicts in Nigeria and maintains that unbridled lust for power, corruption, religious intolerance and the failure of the government to deliver democratic dividends, have resulted in these conflicts between ethnic and religious groups in the country. In the light of all these then, can democracy thrive in an atmosphere of crises? Can Nigeria come out of ethno-religious conflicts? If so, what steps can the government take to rein in the menace of these crises? Finally, the paper provides submissions for curbing this social epidemic, which has become a permanent feature of the Nigerian social polity. Keywords: Nigeria, Ethno-religious, Crises, Democracy, Development Introduction Democracy could be said to be a seed: when you sow bountifully, you reap bountifully. Thus, one of the dividends of democracy, which Nigerians have reaped in abundance since the transfer of power from the military to the civilians on May 29, 1999, is the rising wave of ethno-religious conflicts with devastating and untold consequences on lives and property (Jega, 2007: 116). Nigeria is a very populous nation in Africa with diverse cultural heritage. In fact, the country has a population of over 140 million and over 400 ethnic groups belonging to different religious sects as well (Salawu, 2010: 345). Since the attainment of independence, Nigeria has remained a multi-ethnic nation, which has been grappling with the problem of ethnicity on the one hand and that of ethno-religious conflicts on the other hand. At the inception of independence, for administrative expediency the various ethnic factions were fused and merged together by the colonialists. Then, the colonial masters left and things started falling apart, the center no longer held. No ethnic group desired to see the other. Little wonder then that the former Secretary of State at the British Colonial Office (1952-1959), Sir Peter Smitters regretted the action taken by the British to merge diverse ethnic groups into one in Nigeria. According to Ali (2004) cited in Adebayo (2010: 214), he was reported to have lamented that it was extremely dangerous to force diverse radical and social entities into single rigid political structure. However, that statement was medicine after death; the deed had been done. Indeed, a conglomerate of almost four hundred ethnic groups, each having its distinct history, language, culture and political systems before the colonial rule, all preserved in mitigated forms with the British system of governance super-imposed and named Nigeria really had future implications for unity. The colonial administration, for administrative convenience, compressed and merged the various ethnic groups in their respective regions, making Hausa/Fulani, Igbo, and Yoruba the major ethnic groups and reinforced the three political/administrative divisions – the north, the east, and the west, under appropriate constitutional arrangement. At independence and post independence era, the status-quo of the colonial era was retained under that infantile freedom, with every group retaining its tradition, language, and culture while sharing the common central institutions in a federal arrangement (Adebayo, 2010: 214). As a result, these major ethnic groups, because of their opportunistic positions were seen as consistently dominating the political and economic scene before and after the attainment of independence in 1960 and this led to agitations for state creation by the other â€Å"minor† ethnic groups who saw themselves as the marginalized groups. However, the more states were created, the more the complaints of marginalization and inequality by the new minorities against the new majorities in each state (Abdullahi and Saka, 2007). Consequently, the proliferation of ethno-religious and political turbulence in the country is therefore necessitated on the one hand by cultural, communal and religious differences and on the other hand by fear of domination nursed by the minority groups. As if what constitutes the federalism is not satisfied, there have been agitations for reversing back to the old regional autonomy of the different groups for the purpose of determining the pace of their development and control of their respective resources. These pernicious phenomena of ethnicity and religious intolerance led to the incessant surge of ethno-religious conflicts, which gave birth to the many ethnic militias today like the O’dua People’s Congress (OPC) put in place by the Yoruba in the south-western part of the country to fight for the protection and defence of Yoruba in Nigeria; the Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB), fighting for the cessation of the Igbo ethnic tribe in Nigeria; the Bakassi Boys; the Egbesu Boys; the Ijaw Youth Congress (IYC), the Igbo Peoples’ congress (IPC); the Arewa People’ Congress (APC) and the Ohaneze Ndigbo among others. This might probably be the feeling of Elaigwu (2005: 12) when he writes †¦the violent protests in the Niger-Delta over perceived injustice in resource distribution; the Itsekiri-Ijaw violence in the Delta; the resumption of the Ife-Modakeke communal violence; the menace of Odu’a Peoples’ Congress (OPC) and the accompanying violence in Lagos and Shagamu areas; the formation of the Arewa Peoples’ Congress (APC) and the Igbo Peoples’ Congress (IPC); the MASSOB feeble attempt to resuscitate Biafra; the Sharia crisis and the demands for a confederation; the South-South demand for the control of its resources; and all the recent interethnic/religious conflicts in various states across the country are all part of the bubbles of the Nigerian federation. They are based on the historical structures of mutual fears and suspicions among Nigerian groups in a competitive process. They reflect dissatisfaction of Nigerian groups with the state of the federation. With the emergence of all these ethnic militias and the deep divide between the various ethnic groups, religious intolerance became more violent and bloody with more devastating results using the ethnic militias as the executing platforms of ethno-religious agenda. Federalism thought to be an approach to national unity, resulted to anarchy in the country. A number of steps were taken to at least mend the disunity and disarray prevalent then and promote unity among the various ethnic groups. These included the establishment of federal institutions in some states of the federation, promotion of national cultural and sporting activities, and, more significantly, the National Youth Service Programme (NYSC), just to mention a few (Adebayo, 2010). Although these steps yielded pockets of successes in achieving national unity, the â€Å"unholy† marriage of convenience of the ethnic groups still begs for irrevocable divorce. While the ethnic rivalry held sway, religious pluralism, which culminated in many crises, shook the country to its very roots. The pernicious effect of this trend is not entirely surprising given the fact that religion is so sensitive to Nigerians that many are not only ready to defend it at all costs, but are ready to die for it. Hence, religious pluralism which resulted in religious intolerance was fused with ethnic rivalry, producing the recurrent spate of ethno-religious crises. And because of the violent nature of ethno-religious conflicts, which often take the form of riots, sabotage, assassinations, lynching and maiming, kidnappings, armed struggles, guerilla warfare and secession in Nigeria, they undoubtedly pose dangerous threats to democracy in Nigeria and Africa as a whole. Yes, as Jega (2007: 116) truthfully stated, the genetically engineered seeds of democracy planted by our colonial masters and further successive military regimes have grown to mature crops for harvest. Instead of democracy yielding peace, stability and security to lives and property, it seems to have yielded a return, full circle spate of ethno-religious conflicts and violent eruptions. Thus, the discussion of ethno-religious conflicts in whatever context becomes all the more necessary given the fact that there is a phenomenal recurrence of these conflicts around the nation thereby increasing its threat level to democratic consolidation in Nigeria. It is against this backdrop that this paper attempts to probe the history, manifestations and implications of ethno-religious crises in Nigeria since the dawn of democratic dispensation. Causes of Ethno-Religious Crises in Nigeria According to Awolowo (1990: 35), the notion of Nigeria as â€Å"a mere geographic expression† was engendered by the forceful packaging by colonial authoritarian fiat of unwilling communities of diverse origin and culture under the same polity. Consequently, relations and political behavior of the peoples are characterized by mutual suspicion and invidious hatred since they are strange bed-fellows, who were only coerced into the nation-state via amalgamation. Until 1960, Nigeria was a British colony. Like most colonies, it was not constructed for internal coherence, but rather for the administrative convenience of the British (Shively, 1997: 39). Over 400 different languages and dialects are spoken within its borders, and there is also an important religious split, as the north is primarily Muslim and the south is predominantly Christian, making her not only at ethno-religious crossroads but also at linguistic crossroads. As diverse as these ethnic groups are, they are also not accommodative of each other’s religion and professions of faith. This state of intolerance has added up to fuel the spate of crises in Nigeria. It should be noted that religion has always been the platform for frontal expressions of ethnic aggressions and conflict. Hence, ethnocentric politics, sectional solidarity and primordial interests became prominent features in the nation’s political practice. Sectional and individual virtues and interest rather than collective virtues and national unity are advanced and exalted. Thus, communal orientation precluded any attachment to the state and the syndrome of the ‘son of the soil’ took preference over merit and competence in the choice of policies and leaders. Although as Obasanjo and Mabogunje (1992: 4) aptly observed, colonialism provided scaffolding of holding the different communities together, not much change was achieved in altering communal mentality and predilection. Nonetheless, the persistent military incursion into government and politics did much harm for the body polity as national issues was mostly tribalized and primordial virtues extolled. These regimes had primordial outlook and sub-national mentality under which the northern part of the country was favoured brazenly, on one hand, and the southern part was deliberately dealt with in terms of appointments, contracts, location of government establishments, political oppression and repression as well as provision of social services and infrastructures. As a result, ethnic sectarianism has left a trail of destructive violence and even threatened the territorial integrity of Nigeria (International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, 2001). Indeed, after long years of authoritarian rule, when the military clique and their civilian collaborators privatized the Nigerian state (Ukiwo, 2003), politicians in the emergent Fourth Republic were all too anxious to claim control of the state and its oil wealth as well. This thus led to an unbridled competition for political relevance and spheres of interests among politicians, especially in the context of the division of the country into geopolitical zones, states and local governments and the fact that distribution of benefits among the political class depended on the ability of each member of the ruling class to deliver his constituency. This lust for power has led to the neglect of the needs of the masses and the demand for peaceful co-existence. Instead, the rulers continue to enrich their pockets through corrupt dirty means and seek for elongation of tenures for selfish gains. In the circumstance, ethnicity, religion and other sectarian identities are exploited, resulting in avoidable violent conflicts among component units of the country. The persistence of mass poverty and increasing income inequality, largely as a result of the transformation of the fortunes of politicians and their allies from jobless neighbors to emergency billionaires in less than two years after capturing power, have deepened popular alienation. It has also called into question the legitimacy since 1999. Consequently, some of the easiest things to do in contemporary Nigeria are to mobilize an assassin, vigilante, ethnic-cum-religious militia, rioter, crowd or rented pro-government demonstrator. The result could only be imagined. The power lust of the political cliche is one of the perceived causes of ethno-religious crises in Nigeria. Another reason responsible for ethno-religious crises in Nigeria is the wrong interpretation by those who claim authority to the understanding of the holy books. If not so, one wonders why people act contrary to the teaching of the holy books (whether the Quran or the Bible) in matters pertaining to peaceful co-existence, unity and sanctity of life, and property. As it is a serious disease for someone who does not have a full grasp of the interpretation of any of the holy books to claim authority to knowledge, many of the so called ‘religious leaders’ use their shallow knowledge to put up interpretations to suit their selfish ends banking on the ignorance of their followers. Lamenting on the wide gap between the teaching and practice of religion among its adherents, Adebayo (2003) cited in Adebayo (2010: 219) identified some factors responsible for using religion as instrument of polarization, among which is leadership tussle, which also culminated in the proliferation of many denominations in the country. Also, sectarian jingoism, as well as excessive patriotism to one’s religious sect, which consequently transformed to fanaticism, is another major factor contributing to this social menace. Salawu (2010) also noted that the failure of the Nigerian leaders to establish good governments, forge national integration and promote what can be called real economic progress, through deliberate and articulated policies, has led to mass poverty and unemployment. This has resulted into communal, ethnic, religious and class conflicts that have now characterized the Nigerian nation. Poverty and unemployment have therefore served as nursery bed for many ethno-religious conflicts in Nigeria because the country now has a reservoir of poor people who warmongers as mercenary fighters. What this means theoretically is that poverty and unemployment increase the number of people who are prepared to kill or be killed for a given course at token benefit. This explains why all ethno-religious crises that ever occurred in Nigeria have a large turnout of people (including the under-aged) as fighters. Lastly and very importantly, and not the least, the ethno-religious conflicts in Nigeria also have some historical antecedent (Salawu, 2010). This is because many governmental actions during the colonial rule and after independence encouraged, to a large extent, the sowing of the seeds of ethno-religious conflicts that are found to be rampant in the Nigerian nation today. Over the years, many events in Nigeria have led to the politicization of mistrust, intolerance, violence and acrimonious relations between the mainly Moslem north and the Christian south of Nigeria. To this extent, there has been an unfortunate insertion of ethno-religious discrimination and incompatibility in the structures of the Nigerian State since the colonial period. The political events of the January 15, 1966 coup and the July 1966 counter-coup further entrenched ethno-religious configuration in Nigeria. This is because the killings and counter-killing that followed the coups which took ethnic and religious colorations as the Muslim dominated tribes in the north were set against the Christian-dominated tribes of the southern region.

Police Misconduct And The Criminal Justice System

Police unethical operations, imposes high cost on police, the criminal justice system, and society. Criminal activity by a police officer undermines the basic integrity of law enforcement and the grounds which the laws were based on. Regardless if an officer takes a small bribe or is involve in a drug trade, the corruption forever change the relationship between communities and the face of justice. . . Unethical Police Operation When a Police Officer abuses his authority, it is called police misconduct. Police misconduct is a broad term used to describe police corruption and police brutality which include violations of state and federal laws, the violation of an individual’s constitutional rights, and the abuse of police authority for†¦show more content†¦Police corruption can defined as any prescribed act involving the misuse of the officer’s official position for money or money’s worth or personal gain (Barker Roebuck, 1983). Three elements identify police corruption 1) the behavior must be forbidden by law, rule, regulation and ethical standard. 2) The behavior must involve the misuse of the officers’ official position i.e. if the officer fails to do something he or she is supposed to do or does something against what he or she is supposed to. 3) The reward for corrupt acts should be money or money’s worth. Once an officer is involved in any type of form of corr uption it can interfere with the police officer’s performance Types of Corruption One of the most common and prevalent type of police corruption is that of bribery and extortion. According to Lyman (2009), bribery is initiated by the citizen while extortion is initiated by the officer. This type of corruption involves the officer accepting a sum of money or a gift in exchange for avoidance of past or future prosecution. Law enforcement officers use of discretion is distorted because the acceptance of such gifts represents corrupt behavior. When officers are presented with such stimulus (gifts) and they accept such stimulus (gifts), these interferers with the officer carrying out his or her duty in

Description of Political Party Preference in our Society...

Growing up, I have always heard my parents discuss their political party preferences on many different issue. There are many differences between the two major political parties Democratic and Republican. Each one of those parties has their own beliefs and they can be similar, but some may be different in many different issues. With time, personal experience, and with reading on many different issues, I have realized that I am more of a liberal democrat and not a conservative republican. I looked at each parties beliefs on the issues of welfare, abortion, gun control, education and defense spending. . Welfare: As a Democrat, I am support our current welfare system. I believe in helping the needy and increasing minimum wage. The†¦show more content†¦Republicans believe that the fetus should be protected from the moment of conception and not six months of pregnancy. The Republican Party wants abortion to be illegal, Republicans think abortion is like a murder, killing innocent humans. Abortion is an intensely personal decision between a woman, her family, her doctor, and possibly her clergy. I believe there is no place for politicians or government to get in the way of the woman choice. Only women can make the decision to have an abortion and they do have the right to do so under Roe v Wade. For example, I had a friend who got pregnant. She was not married and did not way to have a baby because she just start college and cannot support a child. Even though she had many choices, she decided to have an abortion to continue to complete her education. If my friend did not have a choic e to get an abortion she most likely would of not completed college. I am in support of the woman’s abortion rights. Gun Control: I hate guns. I think guns are responsible for many crimes and unjust deaths.. The Democrat Party believes this issue needs reform; they favor gun control laws and oppose the right to carry concealed weapons in public places. 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